微服务网关限流&鉴权-wei-fu-wu-wang-guan-xian-liu--jian-quan

title: 微服务网关限流&鉴权
date: 2022-01-06 14:40:45.047
updated: 2022-01-06 14:40:45.047
url: http://www.yby6.com/archives/wei-fu-wu-wang-guan-xian-liu--jian-quan
categories: 
tags: 
- 微服务
- 鉴权

       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class GatewayApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
    }
}

spring:
  application:
    name: sysgateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: goods
        uri: lb://goods
        predicates:
        - Path=/goods/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
      - id: system
        uri: lb://system
        predicates:
        - Path=/system/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
server:
  port: 9101
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:6868/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

      globalcors:
        cors-configurations:
          '[/**]': # 匹配所有请求
            allowedOrigins: "*" #跨域处理 允许所有的域
            allowedMethods: # 支持的方法
            - GET
            - POST
            - PUT
            - DELETE

spring:
  application:
    name: sysgateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      globalcors:
        cors-configurations:
          '[/**]': # 匹配所有请求
            allowedOrigins: "*" #跨域处理 允许所有的域
            allowedMethods: # 支持的方法
            - GET
            - POST
            - PUT
            - DELETE
      routes:
      - id: goods
        uri: lb://goods
        predicates:
        - Path=/goods/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
server:
  port: 9101
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:6868/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

@Component
public class IpFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {

        System.out.println("经过第1个过滤器IpFilter");
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        InetSocketAddress remoteAddress = request.getRemoteAddress();
        System.out.println("ip:"+remoteAddress.getHostName());
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 1;
    }
}

@Component
public class UrlFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        System.out.println("经过第2个过滤器UrlFilter");
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        String url = request.getURI().getPath();
        System.out.println("url:"+url);
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 2;
    }
}

<!--redis-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

    //定义一个KeyResolver
    @Bean
    public KeyResolver ipKeyResolver() {
        return new KeyResolver() {
            @Override
            public Mono<String> resolve(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
                return Mono.just(exchange.getRequest().getRemoteAddress().getHostName());
            }
        };
    }

spring:
  application:
    name: sysgateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      globalcors:
        cors-configurations:
          '[/**]': # 匹配所有请求
            allowedOrigins: "*" #跨域处理 允许所有的域
            allowedMethods: # 支持的方法
            - GET
            - POST
            - PUT
            - DELETE
      routes:
      - id: goods
        uri: lb://goods
        predicates:
        - Path=/goods/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
        - name: RequestRateLimiter #请求数限流 名字不能随便写 
          args:
            key-resolver: "#{@ipKeyResolver}"
            redis-rate-limiter.replenishRate: 1 #令牌桶每秒填充平均速率
            redis-rate-limiter.burstCapacity: 1 #令牌桶总容量
      - id: system
        uri: lb://system
        predicates:
        - Path=/system/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
  # 配置Redis 127.0.0.1可以省略配置
  redis:
    host: 192.168.200.128
    port: 6379
server:
  port: 9101
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:6868/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

public class TestBcrypt {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        /**
         * 得到盐
         * 盐是一个随机生成的含有29个字符的字符串,并且会与密码一起合并进行最终的密文生成
         * 并且每一次生成的盐的值都是不同的
         */
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
            String gensalt = BCrypt.gensalt();
            System.out.println("salt:"+gensalt);
            String saltPassword = BCrypt.hashpw("123456", gensalt);
            System.out.println("本次生成的密码:"+saltPassword);
        }
    }
}

//校验密码
boolean checkpw = BCrypt.checkpw("123456", saltPassword);
System.out.println("密码校验结果:"+checkpw);

    /**
     * 增加
     * @param admin
     */
    @Override
    public void add(Admin admin){
        String password = BCrypt.hashpw(admin.getPassword(), BCrypt.gensalt());
        admin.setPassword(password);   
        adminMapper.insert(admin);
    }

    /**
     * 登录验证密码
     * @param admin
     * @return
     */
    boolean login(Admin admin);

    @Override
    public boolean login(Admin admin) {
        //根据登录名查询管理员
        Admin admin1=new Admin();
        admin1.setLoginName(admin.getLoginName());
        admin1.setStatus("1");
        Admin admin2 = adminMapper.selectOne(admin1);//数据库查询出的对象
        if(admin2==null){
            return false;
        }else{
            //验证密码, Bcrypt为spring的包, 第一个参数为明文密码, 第二个参数为密文密码
            return BCrypt.checkpw(admin.getPassword(),admin2.getPassword());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 登录
     * @param admin
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public Result login(@RequestBody Admin admin){
        boolean login = adminService.login(admin);
        if(login){
            return new Result();
        }else{
            return new Result(false,StatusCode.LOGINERROR,"用户名或密码错误");
        }
    }

{"typ":"JWT","alg":"HS256"}

eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9

{"sub":"1234567890","name":"John Doe","admin":true}

eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9

TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9.TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>

JwtBuilder builder= Jwts.builder()
    .setId("888")   //设置唯一编号
    .setSubject("小白")//设置主题  可以是JSON数据
    .setIssuedAt(new Date())//设置签发日期
    .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256,"itcast");//设置签名 使用HS256算法，并设置SecretKey(字符串)
//构建 并返回一个字符串 
System.out.println( builder.compact() );

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDQxODF9.ThecMfgYjtoys3JX7dpx3hu6pUm0piZ0tXXreFU_u3Y

String compactJwt="eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDQxODF9.ThecMfgYjtoys3JX7dpx3hu6pUm0piZ0tXXreFU_u3Y";

Claims claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey("itcast").parseClaimsJws(compactJwt).getBody();

System.out.println(claims);

{jti=888, sub=小白, iat=1557904181}

//当前时间
long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
Date date = new Date(currentTimeMillis);
JwtBuilder builder= Jwts.builder()
    .setId("888")   //设置唯一编号
    .setSubject("小白")//设置主题  可以是JSON数据
    .setIssuedAt(new Date())//设置签发日期
    .setExpiration(date)
    .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256,"itcast");//设置签名 使用HS256算法，并设置SecretKey(字符串)
//构建 并返回一个字符串
System.out.println( builder.compact() );

.setExpiration(date)//用于设置过期时间 ，参数为Date类型数据

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDUzMDgsImV4cCI6MTU1NzkwNTMwOH0.4q5AaTyBRf8SB9B3Tl-I53PrILGyicJC3fgR3gWbvUI

String compactJwt="eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDUzMDgsImV4cCI6MTU1NzkwNTMwOH0.4q5AaTyBRf8SB9B3Tl-I53PrILGyicJC3fgR3gWbvUI";

Claims claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey("itcast").parseClaimsJws(compactJwt).getBody();

System.out.println(claims);

@Test
public void createJWT(){
    //当前时间
    long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
    currentTimeMillis+=1000000L;
    Date date = new Date(currentTimeMillis);
    JwtBuilder builder= Jwts.builder()
        .setId("888")   //设置唯一编号
        .setSubject("小白")//设置主题  可以是JSON数据
        .setIssuedAt(new Date())//设置签发日期
        .setExpiration(date)//设置过期时间
        .claim("roles","admin")//设置角色
        .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256,"itcast");//设置签名 使用HS256算法，并设置SecretKey(字符串)
    //构建 并返回一个字符串
    System.out.println( builder.compact() );
}

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDU4MDIsImV4cCI6MTU1NzkwNjgwMiwicm9sZXMiOiJhZG1pbiJ9.AS5Y2fNCwUzQQxXh_QQWMpaB75YqfuK-2P7VZiCXEJI

//解析
@Test
public void parseJWT(){
    String compactJwt="eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDU4MDIsImV4cCI6MTU1NzkwNjgwMiwicm9sZXMiOiJhZG1pbiJ9.AS5Y2fNCwUzQQxXh_QQWMpaB75YqfuK-2P7VZiCXEJI";
    Claims claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey("itcast").parseClaimsJws(compactJwt).getBody();
    System.out.println(claims);
}

1. 用户进入网关开始登陆，网关过滤器进行判断，如果是登录，则路由到后台管理微服务进行登录
2. 用户登录成功，后台管理微服务签发JWT TOKEN信息返回给用户
3. 用户再次进入网关开始访问，网关过滤器接收用户携带的TOKEN 
4. 网关过滤器解析TOKEN ，判断是否有权限，如果有，则放行，如果没有则返回未认证错误

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
  <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
  <version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>

package com.changgou.system.util;
import io.jsonwebtoken.JwtBuilder;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Date;
/**
 * JWT工具类
 */
public class JwtUtil {

    //有效期为
    public static final Long JWT_TTL = 3600000L;// 60 * 60 *1000  一个小时
	//设置秘钥明文
    public static final String JWT_KEY = "itcast";

    /**
     * 创建token
     * @param id
     * @param subject
     * @param ttlMillis
     * @return
     */
    public static String createJWT(String id, String subject, Long ttlMillis) {

        SignatureAlgorithm signatureAlgorithm = SignatureAlgorithm.HS256;
        long nowMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Date now = new Date(nowMillis);
        if(ttlMillis==null){
            ttlMillis=JwtUtil.JWT_TTL;
        }
        long expMillis = nowMillis + ttlMillis;
        Date expDate = new Date(expMillis);
        SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();

        JwtBuilder builder = Jwts.builder()
                .setId(id)              //唯一的ID
                .setSubject(subject)   // 主题  可以是JSON数据
                .setIssuer("admin")     // 签发者
                .setIssuedAt(now)      // 签发时间
                .signWith(signatureAlgorithm, secretKey) //使用HS256对称加密算法签名, 第二个参数为秘钥
                .setExpiration(expDate);// 设置过期时间
        return builder.compact();
    }

    /**
     * 生成加密后的秘钥 secretKey
     * @return
     */
    public static SecretKey generalKey() {
        byte[] encodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(JwtUtil.JWT_KEY);
        SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(encodedKey, 0, encodedKey.length, "AES");
        return key;
    }
}

    /**
     * 登录
     * @param admin
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public Result login(@RequestBody Admin admin){
        boolean login = adminService.login(admin);
        if(login){  //如果验证成功
            Map<String,String> info = new HashMap<>();
            info.put("username",admin.getLoginName());
            String token = JwtUtil.createJWT(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), admin.getLoginName(), null);
            info.put("token",token);
            return new Result(true, StatusCode.OK,"登录成功",info);
        }else{
            return new Result(false,StatusCode.LOGINERROR,"用户名或密码错误");
        }
    }

<!--鉴权-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>

package com.changgou.gateway.util;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;

/**
 * jwt校验工具类
 */
public class JwtUtil {

    //有效期为
    public static final Long JWT_TTL = 3600000L;// 60 * 60 *1000  一个小时
	//设置秘钥明文
    public static final String JWT_KEY = "itcast";

    /**
     * 生成加密后的秘钥 secretKey
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static SecretKey generalKey() {
        byte[] encodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(JwtUtil.JWT_KEY);
        SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(encodedKey, 0, encodedKey.length, "AES");
        return key;
    }

    /**
     * 解析
     *
     * @param jwt
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Claims parseJWT(String jwt) throws Exception {
        SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();
        return Jwts.parser()
                .setSigningKey(secretKey)
                .parseClaimsJws(jwt)
                .getBody();
    }
}

/**
 * 鉴权过滤器 验证token
 */
@Component
public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token";

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
		//1. 获取请求
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        //2. 则获取响应
        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        //3. 如果是登录请求则放行
        if (request.getURI().getPath().contains("/admin/login")) {
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        }
        //4. 获取请求头
        HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
        //5. 请求头中获取令牌
        String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);

        //6. 判断请求头中是否有令牌
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {
            //7. 响应中放入返回的状态吗, 没有权限访问
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            //8. 返回
            return response.setComplete();
        }

        //9. 如果请求头中有令牌则解析令牌
        try {
            JwtUtil.parseJWT(token);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            //10. 解析jwt令牌出错, 说明令牌过期或者伪造等不合法情况出现
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            //11. 返回
            return response.setComplete();
        }
        //12. 放行
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}