< Python全景系列-4 > 史上最全文件类型读写库大盘点！什么？还包括音频、视频？

# 写入文本文件
with open('example.txt', 'w') as f:
    f.write('Hello, Python!')

# 读取文本文件
with open('example.txt', 'r') as f:
    print(f.read())

import csv

# 写入CSV文件
with open('example.csv', 'w', newline='') as f:
    writer = csv.writer(f)
    writer.writerow(['name', 'age'])
    writer.writerow(['Alice', 20])
    writer.writerow(['Bob', 25])

# 读取CSV文件
with open('example.csv', 'r') as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f)
    for row in reader:
        print(row)

import json

# 写入JSON文件
data = {
    'name': 'Alice',
    'age': 20,
}
with open('example.json', 'w') as f:
    json.dump(data, f)

# 读取JSON文件
with open('example.json', 'r') as f:
    data = json.load(f)
    print(data)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

# 写入XML文件
root = ET.Element('root')
child = ET.Element('child')
child.text = 'Hello, Python!'
root.append(child)
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
tree.write('example.xml')

# 读取XML文件
tree = ET.parse('example.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
for child in root:
    print(child.text)

# 写入二进制文件
data = b'Hello, Python!'
with open('example.bin', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(data)

# 读取二进制文件
with open('example.bin', 'rb') as f:
    data = f.read()
    print(data)

from PIL import Image

# 读取图片文件
img = Image.open('example.jpg')

# 修改图片
img = img.rotate(45)  # 旋转45度

# 写入图片文件
img.save('example_rotated.jpg')

from docx import Document

# 创建新的Word文件
doc = Document()
doc.add_paragraph('Hello, Python!')
doc.save('example.docx')

# 读取Word文件
doc = Document('example.docx')
for para in doc.paragraphs:
    print(para.text)

from openpyxl import Workbook, load_workbook

# 创建新的Excel文件
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws['A1'] = 'Hello,'
ws['B1'] = 'Python!'
wb.save('example.xlsx')

# 读取Excel文件
wb = load_workbook('example.xlsx')
ws = wb.active
print(ws['A1'].value, ws['B1'].value)

import PyPDF2

# 读取PDF文件
with open('example.pdf', 'rb') as f:
    reader = PyPDF2.PdfFileReader(f)
    page = reader.getPage(0)
    print(page.extractText())

# 注意：PyPDF2不能直接创建PDF文件，但可以合并、裁剪和旋转PDF文件

import sqlite3

# 创建并写入SQLite数据库
conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')
c = conn.cursor()
c.execute("CREATE TABLE test (name text, age integer)")
c.execute("INSERT INTO test VALUES ('Alice', 20)")
conn.commit()
conn.close()

# 读取SQLite数据库
conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')
c = conn.cursor()
for row in c.execute("SELECT * FROM test"):
    print(row)
conn.close()

from pydub import AudioSegment

# 读取音频文件
audio = AudioSegment.from_file('example.mp3')

# 修改音频
audio = audio.reverse()  # 反转音频

# 保存音频文件
audio.export('example_reversed.mp3', format='mp3')

from moviepy.editor import VideoFileClip

# 读取视频文件
clip = VideoFileClip('example.mp4')

# 修改视频
clip = clip.subclip(10, 20)  # 截取第10秒到第20秒的片段

# 保存视频文件
clip.write_videofile('example_subclip.mp4')

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

# 读取HTML文件
with open('example.html', 'r') as f:
    soup = BeautifulSoup(f, 'html.parser')

# 解析HTML
print(soup.title.text)  # 打印标题

# 注意：BeautifulSoup不能直接创建HTML文件，但可以修改HTML文件

import yaml

# 写入YAML文件
data = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 20}
with open('example.yaml', 'w') as f:
    yaml.dump(data, f)

# 读取YAML文件
with open('example.yaml', 'r') as f:
    data = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
    print(data)

from zipfile import ZipFile

# 创建ZIP文件
with ZipFile('example.zip', 'w') as zf:
    zf.write('example.txt')

# 读取ZIP文件
with ZipFile('example.zip', 'r') as zf:
    print(zf.namelist())

from pathlib import Path

# 创建Path对象
p = Path('example.txt')

# 检查文件是否存在
if p.exists():
    print('File exists.')

# 获取文件的后缀名
print(p.suffix)